The  head  of  the  staffordshire  bull  terrier

                                                                                                                   

the  staffordshire bull terrier breed  standard is as breed standards go, a reasonably comprehensive and descriptive one.  It was composed and written by a small group of gentlemen in a black country public house , the crossed guns, around 1935. these men were far sighted and enthusiastic to see the STAFFORD take his place in the showring along with the BULL TERRIER and all the other various terriers.

they saw the potential in a breed that was originally bred for an entirely different kind of activity,and a so called sport.                                               

Although dog fighting had been made illegal by parliament many years before, the practice still continued albeit in secret and underground.It is interesting to note that there are still people today who clearly state that the stafford is not a show dog.

Since the first or original breed standard was written, it has been amended on 2 separate occasions by the KENNEL CLUB,(who own all of the breed standards) firstly in 1948 and again in 1986,although none of those alterations affected the clause which describes the head.

Although i have stated that our breed standard is reasonably comprehensive, and describes most points fairly well, if one was given the task of improving (?) it, or whatever, it would be very tempting for most of us to make a few alterations, amendments additions  etc. etc.

to our breed standard!                                                                                               

 

without doubt the more descriptive and lengthy a breed standard becomes, the more complicated it will be, and more important it will prove very difficult (or even impossible ) to find a specimen that would fit this more descriptive and lengthy breed standard!

In my view, however, there is one clause in our breed standard which i believe could be improved, or made clearer,and possibly avoid confusion and uncertainty, and i refer to the  head clause which reads thus……………                                                              

short, deep through with broad skull . very pronounced cheek muscles, distinct STOP.….

NOW AS WE HAVE ALL SEEN (THOSE WHO ARE familiar with THE STAFFORDSHIRE BULL TERRIER) HEAD TYPES, SHAPES CAN DIFFER VERY CONSIDERABLY IN THIS BREED, WE CAN SEE DIFFERENT STYLES OF SKULLS(DOMED,FLAT, AND ROUNDED ETC.). FOREFACES, EYESHAPES EYE POSITIONS AND SO ON.

THE VARIOUS DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF HEADS COULD FILL A GREAT NUMBER OF PAGES, BUT TO attempt to simplify the matter , i propose to divide  the various types of heads into three groups (all based on a 9 inch head length)

one….the head that has a longer than average length of muzzle or foreface, say 5 parts skull to 4 parts foreface, or measuring (approx.)5 inches  from occiput to stop, and 4 inches stop to nose.

two….the head , which i believe to be  the correct ratio  2/3rd. to 1/3rd. or measuring (approx.) 6 inches occiput to stop and 3 inches stop to nose.            

three   the head with an extremely short foreface,say 7  parts to 2parts, or  7 inches from occiput to stop and 2 inches stop to nose, this type of head is quite popular with many fanciers. of course all of these measurements are all approx. and will vary a ½ inch or more either way. taking the first example,  5 parts skull and  4 parts  fore face this type  of head was a more common sight 25 years ago or so, it usually  had a more shallow skull  and not such a defined stop as you would see on examples  1 and 2. the eyes were not usually wide enougth apart which often gave the a foreign expression. this type of head  still occasionally appears, but of course is not very popular. there can be no doubt that the concentration and improvement(?) on heads over the last 20 or so years has eliminated this longer type of foreface., and of course it is very easy to spot in the whelping box !

the  second example, the 2/3rd. skull to 1/3rd. foreface, which to me, and many other people seem  to be the ideal balanced head, and generally a head of these proportions can usually breath quite comfortably (except of course where dogs have a soft palet, but that unfortunate condition is a matter for a different article  and can only be written by a veterinary surgeon) and we must remember that this condition can appear in any type of head. the 2/3rd. to 1/3rd. would usually have a deep(through?) skull, a distinct stop, and areasonable width between the eyes.   

Our third example, the shorter forefaced head , roughly 7 parts  skull to 2 parts foreface or 7 inches occiput to stop and only 2 inches stop to nose (approx.) will be almost certain to have a very deep (through ?) skull often rounded. these type of heads  with the shorter foreface can experience breathing difficulties (particularly in very hot weather), they also can tend to have smaller teeth than the first two examples.  there can be no doubt though ,the shorter foreface can look very impressive, and quite   popular amongst many fanciers. the admirers of this type of head will tell you, quite reasonably,that the   head clause in our  breed standard  clearly states , and i quote short deep through, with   broad  skull, distinct  stop and  short foreface

this very clear statement  raises the old age question,how deep is deep and how short is short?

in my view , and i base my view on a theory in this matter,because i believe that the original authors of our  breed standard (our gentlemen in that black country public house),when writing it  were comparing the  staffordshire bull terrier head with the heads of the most popular terriers of that particular time, and of course i am refering to the  airedale terrier and the smooth and wire fox terriers all had (and of course still have) a comparatively shallow  and narrow skull,(certainly not deep through!), and most important to my theory, a fairly long foreface, , i feel, therefore, that the terms used deep, throughout  were deliberately used to make a clear distinction between  those  sort  terrier heads  and the head of the  stafford. to attempt to make my point a little clearer,a typical  smooth or  wire fox terrier would have  approx. almost equal proportions of skull and foreface, or 4inches occiput to eye and 4 inches eye to nose.  these measurements are based on the proportions of a smooth fox terrier in my kennels.

it would, therefore, be a reasonable assumption to make that the term short foreface would have to mean  shorter than a skull and foreface of equal proportions, so that it could be seen how a  staffordshire bull

terrier head of, say, 2/3rd. skull and 1/3rd. foreface proportions could quite accurately be described as in our breed standard as a  short foreface, and even in the longer foreface of the  5 inch skull to the 4 inch  head!

after attempting to describe the three types of stafford  heads, there are  still a  number other syles and shapes of heads in our breed, and it would  be impossible to describe the head in every conceivable detail in the  breed standard, to attempt to eventually make all the heads in our breed totally similar!  we could however, clearly describe the ideal proportions of the head (skull and foreface) so there could be no disagreement or doubts as to what the breed standard required, no arguments as to what the correct  proportions should be , it may also  settle the question of how  short is short!

so, therefore, my own  solution in this matter  would be to insert the following words  the desirable  proportions  of the  head  should  be……………….in the head clause.  i have deliberately  left  out  the key  words,  to (hopefully!) promote constructive argument!

as i have already, stated  my own preference in the matter , i strongly lean towards 2/3rd. skull and 1/3,rd.foreface, and although the very short foreface can look impressive, we  must be on our guard against exaggerations  most  importantly  not to lose sight of the oringal concept  of  the  shape  and  purpose of this breed i.e. a fighting terrier.

unrestricted  breathing  and  stamina are  essential , which  should  be  found  in  the  2/3rd, to 1/3rd. ratio head, but not always found in  the   very short foreface, also, of course,if forefaces became shorter generally, we would lose,maybe forever, the essential terrier ingredient, and the breed would no longer be the staffordshire bull terrier that was originally conceived.                                                                                    

whatever we agree are the ideal proportions of the skull and foreface, it is of paramount importance that we can easily recognise the true typical stafford expression, which  can only be seen if the following  essentials are present, the dark medium sized round eye, set  in the correct position, looking ahead, a distinct stop, clean lip,and a (reasonably) strong underjaw (strangely the description of the underjaw  is  not  referred to in the head clause,but is included in the mouth clause, and simply states, jaws strong).

this expression is unique, and essential, because without it there can no be true type and the  head would carry a foreign expression. i have no wish to make any changes, or wish to see any fundementalchanges in our breed standard but i feel that a description of the  ideal proportions of head and skull included in the breed standard would greatly benefit our wonderful breed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             alec waters